Fourth Semester M.Sc. Degree Examination, January 2021.BotanySpecial Paper II - ElectiveBO 242 a - BIOTECHNOLOGY(2013 Admission Onwards)(Special Examination)

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Fourth Semester M.Sc. Degree Examination, January 2021.

Botany

Special Paper II - Elective

BO 242 a - BIOTECHNOLOGY

(2013 Admission Onwards)

(Special Examination)

Time: 3 Hours

1.Answer all questions:

1. What are expression vectors?

2.Expand and explain EcoRI.

3.What is indirect regeneration in tissue culture?

4.Differentiate between dedifferentiation and redifferentiation.

5.What is meant by site directed mutagenesis?

6.What are the fundamental abilities of plants that determine the success of plant tissue culture?

7. What is bioremediation?

8.Define gametoclonal variation.

9. What are bioinsecticides? What are the advantages of it?

10. What is the difference between batch and continuous fermentation?

(10 × 1 = 10 Marks)

II. Answer the following questions in not more than 50 words.

11. (a) Explain the need for hardening the tissue culture regenerated plantlets.

OR

(b) Describe lipofection.

12. (a) Write a brief note on micropropagation.

OR

(b) Explain how and for what, homopolymer tailing is used in genetic engineering.

13. (a) Write a brief note on Bt plants.

OR

(b) What are cosmids? Elaborate the general features and specific uses of it. 

14. (a) What is downstream processing? Mention the steps involved.

OR

(b) Differentiate between linkers and adaptors.

15. (a) Comment on the establishment and applications of hairy root culture.

OR

(b) Give examples for microbes used for the commercial production of enzymes.

(5 x 2 = 10 Marks)

III. Answer the following questions in not more than 150 words.

16. (a) Write a brief account on the techniques involved, and the advantages of immobilized cell technology for the production of various bioproducts.

OR

(b) Explain how bioreactors are used for the commercial production of

antibiotics.

17. (a) The idea of germline gene therapy is controversial. Explain.

OR

(b) Compare the solid state and submerged fermentation for the production of bioactive substances.

18. (a) Compare and contrast RFLP and AFLP.

OR

(b) How are Ti plasmids exploited to produce transgenic plants?

19. (a) Which are the commonly used vectorless methods of plant transformation?

OR

(b) What are molecular markers? Comment on the advantages of molecular markers.

20. (a) Compare and contrast between cointegrative vector and binary vector.

OR

(b) Write a brief note on Restriction endonucleases, their types.

21. (a) Explain on somatic hybridization and its application.

OR

(b) What are the key components in YAC; explain the role of each such component.

22. (a) Explain the technique used for the large scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Add a note on the uses of monoclonal antibodies.

OR

(b) What are probiotics? Give examples for probiotics. Explain their benefits.

(7x 5 = 35 Marks)

IV. Answer the following questions in not more than 250 words.

23. (a) Describe the different areas where genetically modified microorganisms, plants and animals are used, giving suitable examples.

OR

(b) What is PCR? Describe the procedure and applications of PCR.

24. (a) Briefly describe the procedure and applications of various blotting techniques used in biotechnology and molecular biology.

OR

(b) Explain the protocol for the isolation culture and fusion of plant protoplasts. Add a note on the applications of protoplast culture.

(2 x 10 = 20 Marks)